Al Hrabosky was used to winning games at the pro level ever since he was a teenager. In the St. Louis Cardinals organization, it was tough to get a job as a starter when you knew the call-up to the big time meant trying to fit in with the likes of Steve Carlton and Bob Gibson.
But from the get-go, Hrabosky seemed just like too good a pitcher to not have on the big-league club. The Cardinals must have figured with Gibson nearing the end of his career, Hrabosky could be their newest great pitcher. But how about using Al out of the bullpen.
He'd been 9-2 in his first season combined in 1969 at the "A" and "AA" level. But in the Instructional League down in Flordia, Hrabosky was hit hard and went only 2-3. His first look-see with St. Louis would be the next season, in any event. It proved to be uneventful. Starting just one game and appearing fifteen other times, Hrabosky was 2-1 with a high earned run average. In the minors in 1970, it was a different story. Pitching for Arkansas of the Texas League ("AA" level), Al was 8-1 in fifteen games pitched (Fourteen starts). You'd think at this point the lefty would be right up there with the other portsider on the club, Steve Carlton. Right there in St. Louis.
That time would come, but not for a few years. St. Louis, by the way, traded Carlton to Philadelphia in February of 1972. And it was for Rick Wise. Wise was a very good pitcher, not quite Steve Carlton. Nonetheless, would that open the door for our boy?
Hrabosky made only one appearance with St. Louis in 1971, and five more the next year (Carlton won 27 games with Philadelphia in 1972. Wise won 16 with St. Louis, while teammate Bob Gibson won 19). What was taking the Cards so long to bring Al Hrabosky up? Sure, he'd only pitched five times in 1972 in the bigs, but had posted a 0.00 earned run average. And Al had won his only decision. It was still duty in Arkansas for Hrabosky, and not a good year at the "AA" level: 7-12!
But 1973 was different. Gibson was only 12-10, but posted an excellent 2.77 ERA. Wise went 16-12. Alan Foster was 13-9. The bullpen more than held their own with those excellent pitchers. You want numbers? Sure:
Diego Segui (The Closer) 7-6 with seven saves
Orlando Pena: 2.18 ERA and six saves on his own
Were there others? Of course. Al Hrabosky arrived! He went only 2-4 but posted an earned run average just above two in 44 appearances. No other bullpen pitcher with the exception of Segui would make more appearances than Hrabosky!
2-4 was a disappointing record with a 2.09 earned run average. Al had been a winner all of his career and wasn't about to let the setback in that stat his first full year in the bigs be discouragement. 1974 saw him go 8-1 with a sub-three ERA. And it's worth noting that Hrabosky would go 59-30 from '74 to 1982. That's a remarkable .663 W%. And more importantly, the St. Louis fans took great joy in watching him pitch. He had a few routines, you see. Eccentricities? You could certainly call them that. He'd give the ball a good rub...He give that glove a pounding by ramming that ball into it. Al would make sure to breath while all this was going on. But we're talking deep breaths!
However, narrow it down to Al Hrabosky's best season, and it's gotta be 1975. Bob Gibson had slipped to 11-13 in '74 and closed out his storied career the next season. The Cardinals won 86 games in 1975, but wouldn't have done so without their bullpen ace, Al Hrabosky.
He won 13 games and battled Mike Garman for the appearance lead with St. Louis. Garman had gone 7-2 in 1974 with the Cards and sort of slumped back to just 3-8 in '75. Nonetheless, he was still a very valuable man in the St. Louis bullpen. Hrabosky was now the closer on the team, and ended up with one less appearance (65) than Garman (66). Garman finished 36 games, but Hrabosky was better with 41. Al Hrabosky also pitched 97 1/3 innings to Mike Garman's 79. As you can see, these two pitchers made the starters look better. Hrabosky was allowed to pitch two innings or more 27 times, a testament to his arm strength.
And it keeps getting better!
Al led the Senior Circuit in winning percentage (.813) via his 13-3 record. His counterpart in the American League was Rollie Fingers, who was 10-6 himself. Bu that was only good enough for a .625 W%, Dale Murray of the Montreal Expos was 15-8 in relief but with a high earned run average. Gene Garber of the Phillies was relieving guys like Steve Carlton. Though he won ten games, Gene also lost a dozen. The pitcher who ended up with as many saves as Hrabosky (Rawly Eastwick), won only a handful of games himself.
Pitcher | Year | GP | GF | GF% | IP | W | L |
Bernhard | 1899 | 21 | 9 | 0.429 | 132.1 | 6 | 6 |
Pitcher | Year | GP | GF | GF% | IP | W | L |
Walsh | 1904 | 18 | 10 | 0.556 | 110.2 | 6 | 3 |
Griffith | 1905 | 25 | 17 | 0.680 | 101.2 | 9 | 6 |
Ferguson | 1906 | 22 | 19 | 0.864 | 52.1 | 2 | 0 |
Keefe | 1907 | 19 | 14 | 0.737 | 57.2 | 3 | 5 |
Chappelle | 1908 | 13 | 6 | 0.462 | 70.1 | 2 | 4 |
Leever | 1909 | 19 | 12 | 0.632 | 70.0 | 8 | 1 |
Dygert | 1909 | 32 | 13 | 0.406 | 137.1 | 9 | 5 |
Pitcher | Year | GP | GF | GF% | IP | W | L |
Phillipe | 1910 | 31 | 19 | 0.613 | 121.2 | 14 | 2 |
Benz | 1911 | 12 | 4 | 0.333 | 55.2 | 3 | 2 |
Baskette | 1912 | 29 | 18 | 0.621 | 116.0 | 8 | 4 |
Crandall | 1913 | 35 | 27 | 0.771 | 97.2 | 4 | 4 |
Wolfgang | 1914 | 24 | 12 | 0.500 | 119.1 | 9 | 5 |
Bressler | 1914 | 29 | 15 | 0.517 | 147.2 | 10 | 4 |
Conzelman | 1914 | 33 | 16 | 0.485 | 101.0 | 5 | 6 |
Mays | 1915 | 38 | 27 | 0.711 | 131.2 | 6 | 5 |
Hughes | 1916 | 40 | 19 | 0.475 | 161.0 | 16 | 3 |
Danforth | 1917 | 50 | 26 | 0.520 | 173.0 | 11 | 6 |
Bender | 1917 | 20 | 9 | 0.450 | 113.0 | 8 | 2 |
Coumbe | 1917 | 34 | 15 | 0.441 | 134.1 | 8 | 6 |
Dubuc | 1919 | 36 | 22 | 0.611 | 132.0 | 6 | 4 |
Luque | 1919 | 30 | 9 | 0.300 | 106.0 | 10 | 3 |
Pitcher | Year | GP | GF | GF% | IP | W | L |
Morton | 1921 | 30 | 15 | 0.500 | 107.2 | 8 | 3 |
Baumgartner | 1925 | 37 | 9 | 0.243 | 113.1 | 6 | 3 |
Marberry | 1926 | 64 | 47 | 0.734 | 138.0 | 12 | 7 |
Clark | 1927 | 27 | 19 | 0.704 | 73.2 | 7 | 2 |
Haid | 1928 | 27 | 14 | 0.519 | 47.0 | 2 | 2 |
Rommel | 1929 | 32 | 15 | 0.469 | 113.2 | 12 | 2 |
Pitcher | Year | GP | GF | GF% | IP | W | L |
Lindsey | 1931 | 35 | 19 | 0.543 | 74.2 | 6 | 4 |
Quinn | 1932 | 39 | 29 | 0.744 | 64.1 | 5 | 4 |
Russell | 1933 | 50 | 31 | 0.620 | 124.0 | 12 | 6 |
Malone | 1936 | 35 | 25 | 0.714 | 134.2 | 12 | 4 |
Brown | 1938 | 51 | 32 | 0.627 | 132.2 | 15 | 9 |
Pitcher | Year | GP | GF | GF% | IP | W | L |
Beggs | 1940 | 37 | 27 | 0.730 | 76.2 | 12 | 3 |
Murphy | 1941 | 35 | 31 | 0.886 | 77.1 | 8 | 3 |
Adams | 1943 | 70 | 52 | 0.743 | 140.1 | 11 | 7 |
Heving | 1944 | 63 | 38 | 0.603 | 119.2 | 8 | 3 |
Maltzberger | 1944 | 46 | 41 | 0.891 | 91.1 | 10 | 5 |
Berry | 1944 | 53 | 47 | 0.887 | 111.1 | 10 | 8 |
Karl | 1945 | 67 | 41 | 0.612 | 180.2 | 8 | 8 |
Christopher | 1947 | 44 | 38 | 0.864 | 80.2 | 10 | 7 |
Wilks | 1948 | 57 | 27 | 0.474 | 130.2 | 6 | 6 |
Page | 1949 | 60 | 48 | 0.800 | 135.1 | 13 | 8 |
Pitcher | Year | GP | GF | GF% | IP | W | L |
Konstanty | 1950 | 74 | 62 | 0.838 | 152.0 | 16 | 7 |
Aloma | 1951 | 25 | 11 | 0.440 | 69.1 | 6 | 0 |
Wilhelm | 1952 | 71 | 32 | 0.451 | 159.1 | 15 | 3 |
Paige | 1952 | 46 | 35 | 0.761 | 138.0 | 12 | 10 |
Kinder | 1953 | 69 | 52 | 0.754 | 107.0 | 10 | 6 |
Mossi | 1954 | 40 | 18 | 0.450 | 93.0 | 6 | 1 |
Sain | 1954 | 45 | 39 | 0.867 | 77.0 | 6 | 6 |
Pitcher | Year | GP | GF | GF% | IP | W | L |
Narleski | 1955 | 60 | 36 | 0.600 | 111.2 | 9 | 1 |
Craig | 1955 | 24 | 4 | 0.167 | 90.2 | 5 | 3 |
Freeman | 1956 | 64 | 47 | 0.734 | 108.2 | 14 | 5 |
Farrell | 1957 | 52 | 32 | 0.615 | 83.1 | 10 | 2 |
Zuverink | 1957 | 56 | 37 | 0.661 | 112.2 | 10 | 6 |
Hyde | 1958 | 53 | 44 | 0.830 | 103.0 | 10 | 3 |
Duren | 1959 | 41 | 29 | 0.707 | 76.2 | 3 | 6 |
Staley | 1959 | 67 | 37 | 0.552 | 116.1 | 8 | 5 |
Face | 1959 | 57 | 47 | 0.825 | 93.1 | 18 | 1 |
Henry | 1959 | 65 | 36 | 0.554 | 134.1 | 9 | 8 |
Sherry | 1959 | 23 | 10 | 0.435 | 94.1 | 7 | 2 |
Pitcher | Year | GP | GF | GF% | IP | W | L |
Brosnan | 1960 | 57 | 27 | 0.474 | 99.0 | 7 | 2 |
McDaniel | 1960 | 63 | 47 | 0.746 | 104.1 | 12 | 4 |
Arroyo | 1961 | 65 | 54 | 0.831 | 119.0 | 15 | 5 |
Fox | 1961 | 39 | 25 | 0.641 | 57.1 | 5 | 2 |
Radatz | 1963 | 66 | 58 | 0.879 | 131.1 | 15 | 6 |
Perranoski | 1963 | 69 | 47 | 0.681 | 129.0 | 16 | 3 |
Baldschum | 1963 | 65 | 44 | 0.677 | 112.0 | 11 | 7 |
Lee | 1964 | 64 | 39 | 0.609 | 137.0 | 6 | 5 |
Ellis | 1964 | 52 | 32 | 0.615 | 122.1 | 10 | 3 |
Schultz | 1964 | 30 | 22 | 0.733 | 49.1 | 1 | 3 |
D. Hall | 1964 | 45 | 28 | 0.622 | 87.2 | 9 | 1 |
Pitcher | Year | GP | GF | GF% | IP | W | L |
Miller | 1965 | 67 | 55 | 0.821 | 112.1 | 14 | 7 |
Regan | 1966 | 65 | 48 | 0.738 | 116.2 | 14 | 1 |
Drabowsky | 1967 | 43 | 26 | 0.605 | 95.1 | 7 | 5 |
Abernathy | 1967 | 70 | 61 | 0.871 | 106.1 | 6 | 3 |
Wyatt | 1967 | 60 | 43 | 0.717 | 93.1 | 10 | 7 |
Wood | 1968 | 88 | 46 | 0.523 | 159.0 | 13 | 12 |
Segui | 1968 | 52 | 24 | 0.462 | 83.0 | 6 | 5 |
V. Romo | 1968 | 41 | 30 | 0.732 | 84.1 | 5 | 3 |
Tatum | 1969 | 45 | 33 | 0.733 | 86.1 | 7 | 2 |
Pitcher | Year | GP | GF | GF% | IP | W | L |
Williams | 1970 | 68 | 36 | 0.529 | 113.1 | 10 | 1 |
McMahon | 1970 | 61 | 44 | 0.721 | 94.1 | 9 | 5 |
Sanders | 1971 | 83 | 77 | 0.928 | 136.1 | 7 | 12 |
Carroll | 1971 | 61 | 40 | 0.656 | 93.2 | 10 | 4 |
Giusti | 1972 | 54 | 44 | 0.815 | 74.2 | 7 | 4 |
Knowles | 1972 | 54 | 29 | 0.537 | 65.2 | 5 | 1 |
Brewer | 1972 | 51 | 41 | 0.804 | 78.1 | 8 | 7 |
Hiller | 1973 | 65 | 60 | 0.923 | 125.1 | 10 | 5 |
Jackson | 1973 | 43 | 33 | 0.767 | 80.1 | 8 | 0 |
Borbon | 1973 | 80 | 36 | 0.450 | 121.0 | 11 | 4 |
Beene | 1973 | 19 | 11 | 0.579 | 91.0 | 6 | 0 |
Marshall | 1974 | 106 | 83 | 0.783 | 208.1 | 15 | 12 |
Gossage | 1975 | 62 | 49 | 0.790 | 141.2 | 9 | 8 |
Hrabosky | 1975 | 65 | 41 | 0.631 | 97.1 | 13 | 3 |
Pitcher | Year | GP | GF | GF% | IP | W | L |
Eastwick | 1976 | 71 | 59 | 0.831 | 107.2 | 11 | 5 |
Johnson | 1977 | 71 | 54 | 0.761 | 146.2 | 16 | 7 |
Lyle | 1977 | 72 | 60 | 0.833 | 137.0 | 13 | 5 |
Sutter | 1977 | 62 | 48 | 0.774 | 107.1 | 7 | 3 |
Blair | 1978 | 70 | 56 | 0.800 | 100.1 | 7 | 6 |
Stanley | 1978 | 52 | 35 | 0.673 | 141.2 | 15 | 2 |
Tekulve | 1979 | 94 | 67 | 0.713 | 134.1 | 10 | 8 |
Lopez | 1979 | 61 | 49 | 0.803 | 127.0 | 10 | 5 |
R. Davis | 1979 | 44 | 21 | 0.477 | 85.1 | 14 | 2 |
E. Romo | 1979 | 84 | 25 | 0.298 | 129.1 | 10 | 5 |
Monge | 1979 | 76 | 53 | 0.697 | 131.0 | 12 | 10 |
Pitcher | Year | GP | GF | GF% | IP | W | L |
McGraw | 1980 | 57 | 48 | 0.842 | 92.1 | 5 | 4 |
Garvin | 1980 | 61 | 24 | 0.393 | 82.2 | 4 | 7 |
Fingers | 1981 | 47 | 41 | 0.872 | 78.0 | 6 | 3 |
Caudill | 1982 | 70 | 64 | 0.914 | 95.2 | 12 | 9 |
Reardon | 1982 | 75 | 53 | 0.707 | 109.0 | 7 | 4 |
L. Smith | 1983 | 66 | 56 | 0.848 | 103.1 | 4 | 10 |
Stewart | 1983 | 54 | 25 | 0.463 | 135.0 | 10 | 4 |
Quisenberry | 1983 | 69 | 62 | 0.899 | 139.0 | 5 | 3 |
Orosco | 1983 | 62 | 42 | 0.677 | 110.0 | 13 | 7 |
Hernandez | 1984 | 80 | 68 | 0.850 | 140.1 | 9 | 3 |
Lamp | 1985 | 53 | 11 | 0.208 | 105.2 | 11 | 0 |
D. Smith | 1985 | 64 | 46 | 0.719 | 79.1 | 9 | 5 |
Lahti | 1985 | 52 | 31 | 0.596 | 68.1 | 5 | 2 |
Moore | 1985 | 65 | 57 | 0.877 | 103.0 | 8 | 8 |
Pitcher | Year | GP | GF | GF% | IP | W | L |
Eichhorn | 1986 | 69 | 38 | 0.551 | 157.0 | 14 | 6 |
Righetti | 1986 | 74 | 68 | 0.919 | 106.2 | 8 | 8 |
Todd Worrell | 1986 | 74 | 60 | 0.811 | 103.2 | 9 | 10 |
Henke | 1987 | 72 | 62 | 0.861 | 94.0 | 0 | 6 |
Burke | 1987 | 55 | 30 | 0.545 | 91.0 | 7 | 0 |
Daley | 1987 | 53 | 29 | 0.547 | 61.0 | 9 | 5 |
Henneman | 1988 | 65 | 51 | 0.785 | 91.1 | 9 | 6 |
Parrett | 1988 | 61 | 34 | 0.557 | 91.2 | 12 | 4 |
Pena | 1988 | 60 | 31 | 0.517 | 94.1 | 6 | 7 |
Lancaster | 1989 | 42 | 15 | 0.357 | 72.2 | 4 | 2 |
Russell | 1989 | 71 | 66 | 0.930 | 72.2 | 6 | 4 |
Pitcher | Year | GP | GF | GF% | IP | W | L |
Eckersley | 1990 | 63 | 61 | 0.968 | 73.1 | 4 | 2 |
Thigpen | 1990 | 77 | 73 | 0.948 | 88.2 | 4 | 6 |
Nelson | 1990 | 51 | 17 | 0.333 | 74.2 | 3 | 3 |
Dibble | 1990 | 68 | 29 | 0.426 | 98.0 | 8 | 3 |
Henry | 1991 | 32 | 25 | 0.781 | 36.0 | 2 | 1 |
Aguilera | 1991 | 63 | 60 | 0.952 | 69.0 | 4 | 5 |
Ward | 1992 | 79 | 35 | 0.443 | 101.1 | 7 | 4 |
Rojas | 1992 | 68 | 26 | 0.382 | 100.2 | 7 | 1 |
Olin | 1992 | 72 | 62 | 0.861 | 88.1 | 8 | 5 |
Wetteland | 1993 | 70 | 58 | 0.829 | 85.1 | 9 | 3 |
Harvey | 1993 | 59 | 54 | 0.915 | 69.0 | 1 | 5 |
Beck | 1993 | 76 | 71 | 0.934 | 79.1 | 3 | 1 |
Martinez | 1993 | 65 | 20 | 0.308 | 107.0 | 10 | 5 |
Pitcher | Year | GP | GF | GF% | IP | W | L |
Myers | 1997 | 61 | 57 | 0.934 | 59.2 | 2 | 3 |
Hoffman | 1998 | 66 | 61 | 0.924 | 73.0 | 4 | 2 |
Urbina | 1998 | 64 | 59 | 0.922 | 69.1 | 6 | 3 |
Williamson | 1999 | 62 | 40 | 0.645 | 93.1 | 12 | 7 |
Pitcher | Year | GP | GF | GF% | IP | W | L |
Rhodes | 2001 | 71 | 16 | 0.225 | 68.0 | 8 | 0 |
Smoltz | 2003 | 62 | 55 | 0.887 | 64.1 | 0 | 2 |
Tim Worrell | 2003 | 76 | 64 | 0.842 | 78.1 | 4 | 4 |
Cormier | 2003 | 65 | 21 | 0.323 | 84.2 | 8 | 0 |
Lidge | 2004 | 80 | 44 | 0.550 | 94.2 | 6 | 5 |
Timlin | 2005 | 81 | 27 | 0.333 | 80.1 | 7 | 3 |
Nathan | 2006 | 64 | 61 | 0.953 | 68.1 | 7 | 0 |
Ryan | 2006 | 65 | 57 | 0.877 | 72.1 | 2 | 2 |
Putz | 2007 | 68 | 65 | 0.956 | 71.2 | 6 | 1 |
Rivera | 2008 | 64 | 60 | 0.938 | 70.2 | 6 | 5 |
Pitcher | Year | GP | GF | GF% | IP | W | L |
Bell | 2010 | 67 | 57 | 0.851 | 70.0 | 6 | 1 |
Soriano | 2010 | 64 | 56 | 0.875 | 62.1 | 3 | 2 |
Aceves | 2011 | 55 | 15 | 0.273 | 114.0 | 10 | 2 |
Axford | 2011 | 74 | 63 | 0.851 | 73.2 | 2 | 2 |
Downs | 2011 | 60 | 10 | 0.167 | 53.2 | 6 | 3 |
Cook | 2012 | 71 | 23 | 0.324 | 73.1 | 6 | 2 |
Chapman | 2012 | 68 | 52 | 0.765 | 71.2 | 5 | 5 |
Johnson | 2012 | 71 | 63 | 0.887 | 68.2 | 2 | 1 |
Smyly | 2013 | 63 | 9 | 0.143 | 76.0 | 6 | 0 |
Davis | 2014 | 70 | 11 | 0.157 | 72.0 | 9 | 2 |
Clippard | 2014 | 75 | 6 | 0.080 | 70.1 | 7 | 4 |
Rondon | 2015 | 72 | 47 | 0.653 | 70.0 | 6 | 4 |
Pitcher | Year | GP | GF | GF% | IP | W | L |
Britton | 2016 | 69 | 63 | 0.913 | 67.0 | 2 | 1 |
Osuna | 2016 | 72 | 61 | 0.847 | 74.0 | 4 | 3 |
Brach | 2016 | 71 | 16 | 0.225 | 79.0 | 10 | 4 |
Miller | 2016 | 70 | 23 | 0.329 | 74.1 | 10 | 1 |
Robertson | 2017 | 61 | 34 | 0.557 | 68.1 | 9 | 2 |
Jansen | 2017 | 65 | 57 | 0.877 | 68.1 | 5 | 0 |
Albers | 2017 | 63 | 23 | 0.365 | 61.0 | 7 | 2 |
Kimbrel | 2017 | 51 | 67 | 0.761 | 69.0 | 5 | 0 |
Pitcher | Year | GP | GF | GF% | IP | W | L |
Morrow | 2018 | 29 | 26 | 0.897 | 24.2 | 0 | 0 |
Trivino | 2018 | 36 | 8 | 0.222 | 44.1 | 7 | 1 |
Treinen | 2018 | 42 | 34 | 0.810 | 51.0 | 5 | 2 |
Jeffress | 2018 | 55 | 8 | 0.145 | 55.2 | 6 | 1 |
Yarbrough | 2018 | 36 | 3 | 0.083 | 139.1 | 15 | 5 |
Hader | 2018 | 52 | 13 | 0.250 | 78.0 | 6 | 1 |
Strop | 2018 | 60 | 20 | 0.333 | 59.2 | 6 | 1 |
Workman | 2019 | 47 | 10 | 0.213 | 45.2 | 8 | 1 |
Robles | 2019 | 59 | 40 | 0.678 | 58.1 | 4 | 0 |
Walden | 2019 | 64 | 7 | 0.109 | 73.0 | 9 | 2 |
W.Smith | 2019 | 63 | 52 | 0.825 | 65.1 | 6 | 0 |
Oberg | 2019 | 49 | 18 | 0.367 | 56.0 | 6 | 1 |
Littell | 2019 | 29 | 7 | 0.241 | 37.0 | 6 | 0 |
Pitcher | Year | GP | GF | GF% | IP | W | L |
Notes
Hughes appeared as a starter thirteen times.
Baumgartner and Bernhard appeared as a starter twelve times.
Wolfgang and Baskette appeared as a starter eleven times.
Craig and Coumbe appeared as a starter ten times.
Danforth, Malone, Stewart, Sherry, Luque and Conzelman appeared as a starter nine times.
Phillipe and Walsh appeared as a starter eight times.
Morton and Griffith appeared as a starter seven times.
Paige, Mays, Chappelle, Rommell and Yarbrough appeared as a starter six times.
Marberry, Mossi, Lee, Ellis and Dubuc appeared as a starter five times.
Leever, Aceves and Beene appeared as a starter four times.
Russell, Stanley, Adams and Keefe appeared as a starter three times.
Brown, McDaniel, Wood, Crandall, Brosnan, Lindsey, Karl, Wilks, Martinez and Clark appeared as a starter two times.
Beggs, Quinn, Narleski, McGraw, Aloma, Robles, Ferguson, and Vincente Romo appeared once as a starter.
Maltzberger, Hyde, Konstanty, Duren, Brosnan, Tekulve and Henke all wore glasses.
References
“Al Hrabosky.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 30 Dec. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Hrabosky. 19 Jan. 2021.
“Al Hrabosky.” St. Louis Sports Hall of Fame, St. Louis Sports Hall of Fame, Above Web Media, 16 May 2020, www.stlshof.com/al-hrabosky/. 19 Jan. 2021.
Sports Reference LLC. Baseball-Reference.com - Major League Statistics and Information. https://www.baseball-reference.com/. 19 Jan. 2021.
“The New Wave.” The Relief Pitcher: Baseball's New Hero, by John Thorn, Dutton, 1979, pp. 191–194.
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